Abu Hurayrah (Radia Allahu anhu) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (Salla Allahu alayhi wa sallam) said, "The rights of the Muslim upon the Muslim are six." It was said: "And what are they, oh Messenger of Allah?" He replied:
Tafseer of the hadeeth by Shaykh Abdur Rahman As Sa'dee (Rahimahu Allah):"When you meet him, give him the greeting of peace;
When he invites you, respond to his invitation;
When he seeks your advice, advices him;
When he sneezes and praises Allah, suplicate for mercy upon him;
When he becomes ill, visit him;
and when he dies follow him (i.e. his funeral)."
This hadeeth was reported by Muslim. These six rights , whoever establishes them in dealing with the Muslims , then his establishing things other than them (from the obligations) are even more important (or necessary) . And his doing this things results in him fulfilling these obligations and rights , which contain an abundance of good and tremendous reward from Allah.
THE FIRST RIGHT:
" When you meet him , give him the greeting of peace." For verily the greeting of peace is a cause of love, which results in producing faith (Al Eemaan), which results in the person entering the Paradise. This is as Prophet Mohammed (Salla Allahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
“By the one in Whose Hand is my soul, you all will not enter into the Paradise until you believe, and you will not believe until you love each other. Shall I not direct you to something that if you do it, you will love each other? Spread the greeting of peace amongst yourselves.”The greeting of peace is from the virtuous characteristics of Islam. For verily each of the two people who meet each other supplicates for the other for safety from evils, and mercy , and blessing that brings about every good. And what follow this , is a cheerful face and appropriate words of greeting which result in unity and love, and it removes feelings of strangement and cold disassociation. Thus, giving the greeting of peace is the right of the Muslim, and it is obligatory upon the person who is greeted to return greeting with a similar greeting or one that is better that it. And the best of the people are those who start the greeting of peace first.
THE SECOND RIGHT:
"When he invites you, respond to his invitation" This mean that when he invites you with an invitation to some food and drink , then fulfils the request of your brother who has drawn near to you and honoured you with the invitation. Respond to his invitation (i.e. accept it) unless you have an excuse.
THE THIRD RIGHT:
His statement , " And when he seeks your advice, advice him" This means that if he seeks consultation with you regarding some action, as to whether he should do it or not, then advise him with that which you would like for yourself. Thus, in the action in something that is beneficial in all expects , then encourage him to do that, and if it is something harmful, then warn him against it. And if the action contains both benefit and harm, then explain that to him and weigh the beneficts against the harms. Likewise , in he consults with you concerning some dealing with someone among the people , or whether he should marry a woman off to someone or whether he should marry someone , then extend your pure and sincere advice to him, and deal with him from the view point of what you would do for you own self. And avoid deceiving him in any matter of these things. For verily whoever deceives the Muslims,then he is not of them , and indeed he has left off the obligation of being sincere and advising. And this sincerity and advising is absolutely obligatory, however it becomes more emphasided when the person seeks your advise and he request from you that you give him a beneficial opinion. For this reason the Prophet (Salla Allahu alayhi wa sallam) specifically mentioned it in this important situation. The explanation of the hadeeth " The religion is sincerity" has already been mentioned previously (in this book) in a manner that suffices without us having to repeat the discussion here.
THE FOURTH RIGHT:
"And when he sneezes and praisses Allah, then pray for mercy upon him" This is due to the fact that sneezing is a favour from Allah. In the expelling of this congested air that is blocked in certain parts of the body of the human being. Allah makes it easy for this air to have a passage out where it can exit., and thus the sneezing persoon feels relief. Thus, the Prophet (Salla Allahu alayhi wa sallam) legislated that the person praise Allah for this favour , and he legislated for his (Muslim ) brother by saying to him " May Allah guide you and set right your affairs". Therefore, whoever does not praise Allah , then he does not deserve for others to pray for Mercy upon him , and in this case he cannot blame anyone except himself. For he is the one who has caused himself to lose the two blessings : The blessing of praising Allah, and the blessing of his brother's supplication for him that is a result of the praising.
THE FIFTH RIGHT:
His statement "And when he becomes ill,visit him " Visiting the sick is from the rights of the Muslim, And especially for the person who has a highly stressed and emphasized right upon you , like the relative, and the friend and so forth. It is from the best of the righteous deeds. And whoever visits his Muslim brother , he remains engulfed in the mercy (of Allah) and when he sits with him the mercy (of Allah ) covers him. And whoever visits the sick Muslim at the beginning of the day , the Angels send prayers of blessing upon him until evening comes, and whoever visits him at the end of the day , the Angels sned prayers of blessing upon him until morning comes. It is desired for the person who visits the sick to supplicate for him to be cured and to make him feel at ease. He should ease his worries by giving him glad tidings of well-being and recovery (i.e be positive).He should remind him of repentance and turning to Allah , and he should give him beneficial admonition. He should not sit with him too long (i.e over staying his welcome) , rather he should only sit with him long enough to fulfil the right of visiting , unless the sick person is positively effected by many people coming in to see him and many people coming to sit with him. Thus, for each situation there is a different statement (i.e. advice on how to deal with it).
THE SIXTH RIGHT:
His statement, " And if he dies, follow him (his funeral)" For verily whoever follows the funeral until the deceased's body is prayer over , then he will receive a Qeeraat of reward. (Translator's note: A Qeeraat is an amount equivalent to the size of the Mountain of Uhud in Madinah.) And if he follows the funeral procession until the body is buried , then he will receive , two Qeeraats of reward.And following the funeral procession contains ( fulfilment of) a right for Allah, a right for the deceased , and a right for the living relatives of the deceased.
SOURCE: Bahjatu Quloob il-Abraar wa Qurratu ‘Uyoon il-Akhyaar fee Jaami’ il-Akhbaar, pp. 65-67, hadeeth no. 29 of Ash-Shaikh ‘Abdur-Rahmaan bin Naasir As-Sa`dee (Rahimahullaah)
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